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Archive by date: March 2009

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Nature Reviews Cancer focus on migration and metastasis

The resurgence of interest in the underlying processes of metastasis has led to significant new insights and translational developments. Nature Reviews Cancer (9, 225; April 2009) presents a specially commissioned Focus on Migration and metastasis, in which all articles are free to access online for three months. The articles in the focus address new and emerging models and pathways that have been redefined with regard to their role in metastasis and metastasis suppression. From the journal's Editorial:

"Metastases are the main cause of cancer-associated death and it seems surprising that there remain so many questions relating to the biology of metastasis. For example, how and why do metastases exhibit variations in tropism and latency? When are metastases seeded? What traits are required in tumour cells and the microenvironment to disseminate and seed a metastasis? How is one cell capable of so many sequential processes? And how might we predict and prevent or treat metastatic dissemination? Many of these questions are receiving renewed attention as new data provide insights into the biology of a metastatic tumour."

Nature Reviews Cancer focus on migration and metastasis.
Nature Reviews Cancer web focus archive.
Nature Reviews Cancer journal homepage.
About the journal.
A guide to the journal: its content, policies and procedures.

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Lessons in science education from Nature Materials

Strong science education is an important part of any modern education. To ensure scientific progress, however, students need to aspire to academic careers, states this month's (April) Editorial in Nature Materials (8, 243; 2009). The article discusses the Amercan Recovery and Reinvestment Act, of which education forms a substantial part, not least to keep the school system from collapse. After highlighting some international comparisons and ingredients of a good scientific education, the Editorial draws attention to some specific projects:

" ....it is important to convey experience of scientific research, and the excitement of state-of-the art scientific research. Examples of public outreach are science fairs at US high schools, international science Olympiads and exhibitions such as Strange Matter, organized by the Materials Research Society. Another notable scheme is PhysiScope, based at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. In his Commentary on page 245, Christoph Renner describes this initiative, where teenagers experience practical experiments centred on advanced scientific concepts such as superconductivity. The experiments are conducted by PhD students and postdocs, and the venue is embedded within the physics department, so that students can also peek into the research labs. What better place to inspire students with the work of scientists?.....To stimulate interest in an academic career, students need to be encouraged and supported from an early age. Public outreach programmes are essential, and scientists' duties as teachers begin far sooner than with beginners' classes in college."


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The week on Nature Network: Friday 27 March

This weekly Nautilus column highlights some of the online discussion at Nature Network in the preceding week that is of relevance to scientists as authors and communicators.
The Nature Network week column is archived here.

The UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)'s decision to deny unsuccessful applicants the right to re-apply for future grants for a time period, bringing into question the peer-review process, as reported in Nature News online and in Nature 's journal edition, is highlighted at Nature Network in a post by Katherine Haxton about the effect of this policy on a young academic researcher learning how to apply for grants, compared with those who have a longer track record. Further discussion arising from a Nature Editorial is encouraged at the Nature Opinion forum at Nature Network, and researchers who do not agree with the EPSRC policy may sign an online petition to the UK Prime Minister before 17 May. At time of writing this post, nearly 1,500 people have signed.

If you could reshape scientific exchange to meet your needs, what would you change? Would you restructure the format of the journal article? Would you eliminate the article altogether, opting for an open notebook approach? These questions are asked in a meeting report by Caryn Shechtman, but the ensuing discussion to her post is an informative comparison of online protocols websites, the value of collaborative editing for this type of research, and how protocols publication is best organized.

Those in Brisbane and interested in science communication can attend a series of lectures in April and May being organized by William Burns; the speakers will be Dr Joan Leach, a lecturer in the rhetoric of science; and Dr Phil Dowe, associate professor in the philosophy of science. Further details at William's post. And for brushing up your written scientific communication skills, Brian Clegg reviews the new Oxford Dictionary for Scientific Writers and Editors.

Bob O'Hara shares the content of some of his correspondence from a new journal, and provides some seasoned advice on how to respond to calls for submission (or indeed, to calls for applications as Editor in Chief).

For scientists-as-novelists, Jenny Rohn's novel Experimental Heart is the subject of the next Fiction Lab reading group, in London on 7 April. Further details at Jenny's post. And if art is more your scene, try this delightful periodic table of typefaces, courtesy of Scott Keir.

Further science-related blog reading and online discussion can be enjoyed at:
Planet Nature
Nature.com's science blogs index and tracker
Nature Network's many blogs and forums
Nature Publishing Group news at Nature Network
Science Online FriendFeed room.

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Chemical biology in drug discovery

Nature Publishing Group announces the third Nature Chemical Biology Symposium, Chemical Biology in Drug Discovery, to be held on 19 and 20 September 2009 at the Royal Sonesta Hotel, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Scientists in industry and academia seek new approaches for finding the next generation of therapeutics. The 2009 symposium will explore how chemical biology is opening up new avenues for identifying therapeutic targets and discovering small molecule drugs. This two-day meeting will address the following topics, across a range of diseases:
Cell-based screening and target deconvolution
Targeting pathways and systems
Expanding druggable chemical space
Expanding druggable targets
The organizers are Paul Workman (The Institute of Cancer Research, UK); Giulio Superti-Furga (Center for Molecular Medicine, Austria); Brian Shoichet (University of California, San Francisco); and Joanne Kotz (Nature Chemical Biology). The application deadline is 22 May 2009, and the deadline for submission of abstracts is 30 June 2009.
Meeting programme.
List of speakers.
Location and accommodation.
Nature Chemical Biology journal website.
About Nature Chemical Biology.

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Nature Clinical Practice journals evolve into Reviews journals

In 2000, Nature Publishing Group launched the first three of the Nature Reviews series. By 2002, the series had grown to seven monthly review journals and quickly became the highest impact-factor journals in their fields — gaining a reputation for publishing superbly illustrated reviews written by leading international researchers. The Nature Reviews journals will double in size next month (April), when all eight Nature Clinical Practice journals will be relaunched as "Nature Reviews". These clinical Nature Reviews journals will be printed in colour and will have the same high production values that have helped make the life-science Nature Reviews journals so successful, and each issue will contain more content, including Editorials, Research Highlights, News & Views, Reviews, Case Studies and Perspectives articles. The clinical journals will not alter their editorial scopes or commissioning strategies and will retain their distinguished external Editors-in-Chief and international Advisory Boards.
The clinical Nature Reviews journals (as of April 2009):
Nature Reviews Cardiology
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology
Nature Reviews Endocrinology
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nature Reviews Nephrology
Nature Reviews Neurology
Nature Reviews Rheumatology
Nature Reviews Urology
Some authors' questions answered:
I had a paper published in a Nature Clinical Practice journal. Will the citation to that paper change?
No, the citation will remain the same and the article will continue to be indexed in MEDLINE in perpetuity.
What will happen to the impact factor of the Nature Clinical Practice journals?
The clinical Nature Reviews journals will receive their first impact factors in June 2011. The Nature Clinical Practice journals will receive their last impact factor in June 2012. Thomson-Reuters, the company that calculates impact factors, will allow the two impact factors to be averaged in 2011 and 2012 to give the "unified" impact factor of the two journals.
I would like to write an article for one of the new Nature Reviews journals. What should I do?
The instructions to authors for each of the journals can be found on their homepages. Please contact the Editor with your proposal before writing the article.
Will the aims and scope of the journals change?
No, the journals will continue to publish a mix of news, opinion, and review articles to keep clinicians up to date with the latest advances in medical research.
Will the journals publish original research?
No. When Nature Clinical Practice Cardiovascular Medicine becomes Nature Reviews Cardiology in April, it will no longer publish original research. There are no plans to introduce original research in any of the clinical Nature Reviews journals.
Will readers be able to download PowerPoint presentations of the figures from the Review articles?
Yes.
Will the search function cover all content from the old Nature Clinical Practice issues and the new issues?
Yes, searches will include both journals, so readers only have to perform one search for each journal's archive.
Will URLs change? If there is to be a redirect, for how long?
The articles published in the Nature Clinical Practice journals before April 2009 will be moved to the new Nature Reviews site in April. However, the old Nature Clinical Practice URLs will be redirected indefinitely to the new Nature Reviews URLs and all old dois will resolve to the articles in their new location. The new URLs and ISSNs are listed on the main Nature Clinical Practice page and are always available from the publications site index or the Nature family of journals page.


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Eric Hand at the Lunar and Planetary Science conference

Eric Hand is blogging all this week at In The Field from the 40th anniversary Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (LPSC) in Houston, Texas. In his first post, Eric writes that the traditional home of LPSC, a centre in League City, near the Lunar and Planetary Institute and Johnson Space Center, "was getting too tight for the burgeoning ranks of planetary scientists. But organizers wanted to keep the traditional roots of the conference in Houston. So they moved to a conference center in The Woodlands, a master-planned, mixed-use development done in the 1970s by astrophysics-loving billionaire George Mitchell. " Join Eric and the one and a half thousand registrants for a week of planetary news and views.

In The Field, the Nature reporters' blog from conferences and events.

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Nature Chemistry is here!

Neil Withers announces in a post at Sceptical Chymist blog with the title The Sceptical Chymist: Nature Chemistry, volume 1, issue 1 that the first issue of Nature Chemistry is now live, and freely available for everyone to read and enjoy. Neil reports that fellow-N Chem editors Stu and Gav are now in Salt Lake City as for the Spring ACS (American Chemical Society) Meeting, and that Anne is just off to Tokyo to work there from now on, and will also be visiting the Japanese Chemical Society Meeting starting this week. Feel free to visit the stand at the ACS exposition or to chat to the editors as they make their jetlagged way around!
More news about Nature Chemistry is at the Sceptical Chymist blog post. And a detailed, independent analysis of some of the features in the new journal is provided by Egon Willighagen at Chem-bla-ics blog. At the end of a very informative "tour of good things, and points for improvement" concerning data-richness, Egon concludes: "I am rather positive about the first Nature Chemistry issue, and like to thank the editors and paper authors for their efforts on improving publishing chemistry!"

Nature Chemistry website.

Nature Chemistry guide to authors.

About the Nature Chemistry editors.

Nature Chemistry announced at Nature Network. Please join the Nature Publishing Group news forum for regular news of NPG activities, and tell us there what you think of them.

All the Nature journals that publish original scientific research.

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The week on Nature Network: Friday 20 March

This weekly Nautilus column highlights some of the online discussion at Nature Network in the preceding week that is of relevance to scientists as authors and communicators.
The Nature Network week column is archived here.

Research institutions and universities are slowly beginning to integrate new web tools, such as wikis, into everyday operations, writes Anna Kushnir at the Boston blog. But is use of these tools at odds with institutional policies on record-keeping? Anna looks at the case of electronic lab notebooks, and asks readers about their experience.

Ada Lovelace day, 24 March, is fast approaching, and Ruth Wilson of the UK Resource Centre for woman in science, engineering and technology provides an update of plans and events - in which you can take part. On the subject of Ada Lovelace day and other related topics, Erika Cule discusses the lack of self-belief among PhD students. Could gender be a factor? An interesting online discussion follows.

Brian Clegg brings news of his appearance at the British Science Association's popular science book club in London on 29 April. Details are provided.

How often do you go on the stump, talking about research to people in schools and elsewhere? Henry Gee provides an entertaining account of one of his adventures in outreach, and some unconventional ways to enthuse teenagers about science.

Much has been written in the media and on the Internet in the past week about conflict of interest declarations in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), after remarks from the journal's chief editor were published in the Wall St Journal. Noah Gray has the details, and links to accounts elsewhere, including this one at The Great Beyond, the Nature science news blog.

Martin Fenner provides a useful graphical overview of Reference Manager, available also as a PDF. Well worth a look.

Further science-related blog reading and online discussion can be enjoyed at:
Planet Nature
Nature.com's science blogs index and tracker
Nature Network's many blogs and forums
Nature Publishing Group news at Nature Network
Science Online FriendFeed room.

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Media for reading research papers

“Would you like to be able to read research papers on a support like Kindle?”, asks Thomas Lemberger, at FriendFeed via Twitter.
Here's a selection of the answers he received:
Yes, if it had a larger screen and the PDF formating was OK. Reading research papers and reference books would be the main reason I would consider buying an e-reader - Pedro Beltrao
As near as I can determine, the stumbling block is the volume of tables and similar graphics in journal articles. But short forms (such as articles, periodical materials, etc) are ideal for e-readers- Jill O'Neill
Both Kindle and Sony E-Reader are a bit too small for PDFs formatted for approx A4 page in my experience - Cameron Neylon
If you are worried about rendering and screen size, Papers for iPhone is really quite acceptable - Daniel Swan
Reading a paper with Papers for iPhone works mainly for looking up specific information, rather than reading the full paper - Martin Fenner [See here for earlier posts about Papers by Martin, at Nature Network.]
Papers for iPhone is great, though you still wouldn't want to read an entire thesis on it - Chris Cotsapas.

Do you read articles on e-readers or mobile devices? What is your experience? Let us know, either here or at Friend Feed.

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System for research proposals overwhelmed

US federal agencies are scrambling to prepare for a wave of research proposals from scientists eager to win funding offered in the nation's economic stimulus package, as reported in an online Nature News story on 16 March. White House officials fear that the number of applications could overwhelm the country's online grant-application system, Grants.gov, if immediate action is not taken. From the News story: "The Grants.gov system, which went online in 2004, was intended to streamline the grant process by offering a central electronic application portal for all federal grant-making agencies. But it was designed to handle only about 65,000 applications a year, says Sheila Conley, acting deputy assistant secretary in the office of grants at the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) in Washington, DC, which manages the system. "We've blown that out of the water," she says. The system received 200,000 applications in 2008; that's expected to jump to 275,000 this year."
Various researchers and research administrators have described their experiences with this system, and compared it with other application procedures, both in the News story and in online comments at the Nature News website. In view of the complex procedures, technical hitches and bureaucracy, tight deadlines and number of applications, researchers planning to request funding need to be well prepared. Let's hope that is enough.

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Scientific integrity in government decisions

A Nature News story this week (458, 130; 2009) reports that US President Barack Obama has directed the head of the Office of Science and Technology Policy to ensure scientific integrity in government decision-making.
The presidential memo calls for agencies to hire scientific employees based on their knowledge, and to put rules in place for scientific integrity and transparency along with protection for whistleblowers.
According to the Nature News story, Harold Varmus, co-chair of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology, says the memo would help prevent the kind of instances during the administration of George W. Bush when political appointees interfered with the workings of government scientists. "The intent is to prevent that kind of undermining of the science advisory process," he says. John Marburger, Bush's science adviser, wrote in an e-mail: "There's certainly nothing wrong with it, but I never believed such a memorandum was necessary. From the perspective of the Obama administration, it delivers on a campaign commitment."

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Invitation to terragenomics in Nature Reviews Microbiology

Timothy M. Vogel and coauthors, in an Edtiorial in this month's (April) Nature Reviews Microbiology (7, 252; 2009) invite the microbiology community to participate in an ambitious and extraordinary sequencing project to decipher the soil metagenome, a goal that is now within reach thanks to developments in high-throughput sequencing.
Metagenomic sequencing efforts are necessary to resolve the intricacies of the soil microbiome and to provide sufficient data to understand the diversity and function of the soil microbial communit. Vogel et al. propose a coordinated international effort, starting with agreement and cooperation from the scientific community in reaching a primary objective: the complete sequencing of a 'reference' soil metagenome. They write: "The soil system chosen for investigation, Park Grass, is an internationally recognized agroecology field experiment that has been running for more than 150 years at the UK agricultural sciences institute, Rothamsted Research. This ambitious reference sequencing effort cannot be undertaken by a single laboratory or even by a single country. We therefore invite the international community to participate in this project, and hope to eventually expand the project to other soil sites. The information gleaned from this project will serve as a starting block or platform for other soil metagenomic sequencing efforts and will generate new hypotheses to test." The TerraGenome international sequencing consortium, which is dedicated to soil metagenomics, has just been launched to coordinate these efforts.


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The week on Nature Network: Friday 13 March

This weekly Nautilus column highlights some of the online discussion at Nature Network in the preceding week that is of relevance to scientists as authors and communicators.
The Nature Network week column is archived here.

Doing translational research is interdisciplinary in nature. But, Caryn Shechtman asks, have you ever stopped to think about what interdisciplinarity really is? What exactly does that mean? How is it defined? She provides one definition, and muses on the components of a successful interdisciplinary collaboration. Farooq Kahn also writes about interdisciplinarity and complex systems in the context of Darwin's revolution, which continues to illuminate science.

There is much celebration on Nature Network this week about the lifting of the ban on stem-cell research in the United States. Robert Pinsonneault joins the chorus of approval, but writes that it "would seem a bit of a stretch that lifting this ban will magically remove the teeth from the moral opposition; those that are very nervous, indeed outraged, about the prospect of increased use of human embryos for any manner of scientific and medical research." Robert sums up the ethical and social conflicts inherent in this type of research, and why he for one is pleased that work in this discipline will now be moving forward.

Ian Brooks ruminates on career development, linking to several posts by other scientists and scientific users of Nature Network. Ian is a postdoctoral advisor, and write that there are "between 60-90,000 postdoc scientists in the US, and only ~20% will go on to become full time tenure track faculty at major/tier 1 research institutions. About 60% of that 60-90,000 say they want a full tenure/tenure-track position. Spot the disconnect? the biggest reason for this gap is not the quality of scientists nowadays as some assert, it’s just that there aren’t enough jobs: an increasing candidate pool coupled with a lengthening age-of-retirement." One option, he suggests, is to maximize your chances of success by forming an individual development plan and creating a mentoring group. There is useful, and varied, advice in the online discussion following Ian's post. On a similar theme, Branwen Hide writes about a recent talk she gave to PhD and early-career researchers about science policy, and asks users for their advice about making the transition from research.

I quite often post on this blog about meetings in Second Life. I've attended a couple, and the experience has been mixed. Joanna Scott, Nature Publishing Group's expert on the subject, draws attention to a post about "why Second Life sucks and rocks for meetings." Judge for yourself - or rather, wait a bit, because Joanna promises us her own article on the topic soon.

And a Nature Network blog that I've just discovered, a hidden gem, is Chronicle: the online portal of the University of Rural England. For a taste, John Gilbey writes this week about a proud future [to be continued].

Further science-related blog reading and online discussion can be enjoyed at:
Planet Nature
Nature.com's science blogs index and tracker
Nature Network's many blogs and forums
Nature Publishing Group news at Nature Network
Science Online FriendFeed room.

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Cell Death and Differentiation special issue on mechanisms

The journal Cell Death and Differentiation has a special issue on cell death mechanisms this month (16 (3), March 2009), containing an Editorial and three Reviews which are free to access online, as well as a collection of original research papers. From the introduction to the issue: "Although cell death occurs in many different ways, it uses several common and evolutionarily conserved mechanisms. These control distinct forms of cell demise ranging from necrosis and excitotoxicity to autophagy and apoptosis. This review series comprises state-of the art reviews, which summarise our knowledge of basic mechanisms of cell death in a context of different pathological processes. Articles, written by the leaders in the field, present a comprehensive picture of cell-death routines and their role in shaping diseases. This collection of papers should serve as a key resource to researchers in cell biology, neurobiology, oncology, biochemistry and pharmacology."

Archive of Cell Death and Differentiation special issues.

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EMBO Reports and Nature on the recession and science

Frank Gannon writes a stirring Editorial in EMBO Reports this month (10, 193; 2009) about scientists and the global economic crisis. " Hubris and recklessness", he writes, " together with an insatiable hunger for money, have created a global crisis that is driving many of the world's economies into recession. One result is rapidly increasing unemployment and fears are rising that pensions will be rendered worthless; yet, there is no sign of an end to this economic disaster, which has been happening 'on our watch'."

After summarizing the energy, climate, ecology and humanitarian crises now facing the world, Dr Gannon concludes that "scientists should have been the first to identify these problems and sound the bugle call for action. Indeed, some researchers did voice their concerns and published their analyses back when corrective action could have taken place without major disruption. But they did not galvanize their community, or their community ignored their message or presented contrary analyses; in any case, the scientific community failed. But, even the scientists who voiced their concerns early and proposed corrective measures were largely ignored by modern societies in which sound bites trump evidence and in which 'academic' has become synonymous with 'practically useless'.

There are major challenges ahead and business as usual is no longer good enough. There is an increasing need for courage in the scientific community to both speak up and propose measures, however unpopular in the short-term, to bring about systemic change. We, as scientists, also need to become politically engaged as experts in the political world, rather than poking fun at and ridiculing it. We need to talk to the public directly, convince them of the evidence and present possible solutions to get us out of this mess. More importantly though, it is a time to reflect on how we have contributed to the current system failure and what we can do to help society recover from it. It is still our watch and we can make change happen."

Additional material is in Nature's Recession Watch, providing analysis and advice on how to survive the global economic downturn. Science is key to nation-building during a recession but scientists must learn to convince politicians of the need to protect research budgets. Building global links and breaking down the barriers between disciplines is vital if the world is to weather the financial squeeze. Central banks must also end their obsession with cutting interest rates and technology start-ups will need to cut costs and sell what they can. A stimulus package for the developing world could, however, benefit everyone. Nature's news and opinion coverage of the dangers and opportunities keeps scientists updated on the recession and its impact on institutions, funding, and careers.

See also the March Editorial in Nature Structural and Molecular Biology (16, 229; 2009), 'Stimulating Science', which argues that the economic benefits of biomedical research are recognized by governments around the world, but investment in science should go beyond profitability.

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What's on nature.com blogs: Feb 09

Here's a summmary of posts from nature.com staff blogs over the past month or so that might be of interest to scientists as authors, communicators and peer reviewers:

The Great Beyond: thirteenth entry in the Nature News blog's series of songs about science.

Sceptical Chymist: why Lynn Loo became a chemist; and Nicholas Long receives the same treatment.

Spoonful of Medicine: economic packages to stimulate scientific research.

Nascent: a project to analyse how many, and what kind of, comments are made online to the scientific papers published in the journal PLOS One. Call for crowdsourcing help; enticing prizes for participants; results and analysis.

The Great Beyond: Galaxy Zoo 2 launches.

Spoonful of Medicine: we want your paper!

In The Field: reports from the AAAS meeting by Nature's editors and journalists.

Sceptical Chymist: how universities can exploit their research.

Climate Feedback: call for citizen climate scientists.

The Great Beyond: Lego authorship (videos).

Methagora: scientists need to communicate more with the public.

Sceptical Chymist: thoughts on careers in chemistry arising from Univeristy Challenge disqualification.

Indigenus: Bloggers beware, in the light of a recent Indian court case.

Spoonful of Medicine: unravelling researchers' financial ties.


Blogs.nature.com is an index and tracking website for all scientific blogs including, but not limited to, Nature Publishing Group staff blogs

Previous nature.com blogs round-ups.

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A third way for science in society

Scientists have been too dogmatic about scientific truth and sociologists have fostered too much scepticism — social scientists must now elect to put science back at the core of society, says Harry Collins, director of the Centre for the Study of Knowledge Expertise Science at Cardiff University, UK, in the 5 March edition of Nature (458, 30; 2009 – free to access online for a week). Prof Collins identifies three waves in the history of social science attitutes to scientific research: first, an attempt to understand and interpret it; second, scepticism about it; and third – well, third is what he says social scientists must now do – work out what is right about science, not just what is wrong. He writes:
"This third wave will be resisted. Post-modernists have become comfortable in their cocoon of cynicism. And some natural scientists have become too fond of describing their work as godlike. Others are ready to offer simple-minded criticisms of deeply held beliefs. But the third wave is needed to put science back in its proper place…..
Science’s findings are to be preferred over religion’s revealed truths, and are braver than the logic of scepticism, but they are not certain. They are a better grounding for society precisely, and only, because they are provisional. It is open debate among those with experience that is the ultimate value of the good society.
Science, then, can provide us with a set of values — not findings — for how to run our lives, and that includes our social and political lives. But it can do this only if we accept that assessing scientific findings is a far more difficult task than was once believed, and that those findings do not lead straight to political conclusions. Scientists can guide us only by admitting their weaknesses, and, concomitantly, when we outsiders judge scientists, we must do it not to the standard of truth, but to the much softer standard of expertise."
What do you think about whether, and how, social scientists and others should interpret the “values” of scientific research and “truth” to society at large? We welcome your views at the Nature Network forum hosted by Nature's Opinion editors.

Other current debates at the Nature Opinion forum at Nature Network:
'Untouchable' science.
Blogging: science, journalism or public discourse?
Brain, machine and in-between.
What you need to know, and what you can do for science, in the financial crisis.
Pruning the IRB tree.
Troubles with plastic.

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The week on Nature Network: Friday 6 March

This weekly Nautilus column highlights some of the online discussion at Nature Network in the preceding week that is of relevance to scientists as authors.
The Nature Network week column is archived here.

What makes an "unconference" distinct from a "conference", or indeed an unconference for scientists different from an unconfernce for "geeks", and how do your organize one? These questions are addressed by Ian Mulvany at the researchers and web 2.0 forum. He writes: "One of the goals of an unconference is perhaps to tease apart the complete and finished story, to look at the spaces in between and to be open to blue sky thinking. This may lead to a slight mismatch in expectation about the kind of conversations that the organizers might hope to happen at an unconference, compared to the mode of communication that a scientific group brings with them to the meeting." There are some very thoughtful and helpful responses from scientists who have organized these unusual gatherings, which provide useful tips to anyone considering taking the plunge. A recent unconference was featured on Nautilus earlier this week, complete with excellent examples of scientific creativity and lateral thinking.

In last week's Network round-up I wrote about Eva Amsen's and Katherine Haxton's separate talks about the relationship between science and blogging. This week, Eva has written up her thoughts, partly resulting from the previous week's discussions, in a blog post. After considering various lines of logic, she decides "I’ll talk about older uses of science online vs newer ones, and try to figure out what makes a blog scarier than a lab website. And I’ll get back to why I use Delicious, and what makes it (and Flickr) work, and how that could relate to getting scientists to adopt web 2.0 tools . Sounds good?" Yes, sounds fine to me. I wish I could be there.

Laura Goodall reports that the "newest branch of the British Science Association – SCIENCE LONDON – is hosting its very first event, to be held during the National Science and Engineering Week. (Yes, that’s next week! Looks like we’ve just about managed to organise it in the nick of time!)." The event is to discuss popular science books and will be in London on Wednesday 11 March. More details at the link.

What makes good science into a good science story? So asks Matthew Dalzell, who is preparing a presentation for practicing scientists on what he does as a science writer, "including how an interesting piece of research attracts media attention. While I have some of my own ideas and have heard many presentations on this topic at conferences, it’s always good to hear more opinions. So, what are the key elements of a ‘good’ piece of scientific research that can give it legs as a science story?" Matthew would welcome your views at this Nature Network forum post.

Further science-related blog reading and online discussion can be enjoyed at:
Planet Nature
Nature.com's science blogs index and tracker
Nature Network's many blogs and forums
Nature Publishing Group news at Nature Network
Science Online FriendFeed room.

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Nature Methods: lines of communication

The increasing impact of science on society calls for improved communication between scientists and the public via dedicated science media centers as well as nontraditional personal blogs, according to the March Editorial (free to access online) in Nature Methods (6, 181; 2009). From the Editorial:

A powerful aspect of blogs is their capacity to put a human face on science and related health issues by allowing scientists to discuss how these things affect them personally in a format in which regular readers feel as though they know the writer. Analysis of the MMR vaccine incident suggests that emotional arguments like a scientist talking about vaccinating his or her own children might be more powerful than the rational arguments that form the basis of normal scientific discourse. The public's emotional response to genetically modified food in some countries might also have been very different if people could see numerous online blog entries from scientists discussing why they were not concerned about the scenarios being promulgated in the press. But can enough scientists be convinced of the potential benefits of blogging to make this a reality?
Conferences such as Science Blogging 2008: London, organized by Nature Network, and ScienceOnline'09 are exploring the role of blogging in science and trying to get more scientists involved. Nature Network just concluded their Science Blogging Challenge 2008—won by Russ B. Altman—where the goal was to get a senior scientist to start blogging. Altman's colleague Steve Quake also just started blogging in a guest stint for the New York Times. One hopes that examples of prominent scientists blogging will convince others of the benefits. When a blog author is not a prominent scientist with a reputation to maintain, the quality of information on the blog can be a concern, but science-blog tracking sites can help alleviate this problem.

Nature Methods invites readers to comment at Methagora, the journal's blog.

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Nature Darwin debate: what price biodiversity?

As part of Nature’s ongoing celebration of Charles Darwin’s bicentenary, the second Nature Darwin Debate will take place at 1900 h local time on Monday 9 March at Kings Place, London N1 9AG, UK .

We pay for our food, water, health-care and energy, so why not pay for the many ‘services' currently obtained for free from biological diversity? Services such as insect-pollination, central to food production; or healthy forests, which we need for clean water and to stop soil erosion. Shouldn't we invest now in our biodiversity in order to secure our future needs?
PANEL
James Lovelock, independent scientist and author of Revenge of Gaia. Prof Lovelock is the author of more than 200 scientific papers, distributed almost equally among topics in medicine, biology, instrument and atmospheric science and geophysiology. He is the originator of the Gaia hypothesis and has written four books on the subject, including The Revenge of Gaia (2006). His latest book is The Vanishing Face of Gaia: a final warning, published this year. He is the inventor of the electron capture detector, which made possible the detection of chlorofluorocarbons and other atmospheric nano-pollutants.
Michael Meacher, MP (Labour) is a long-time campaigner for the environment within party and government. A staunch advocate of renewable energy, he was Minister of State for the Environment between 1997 and 2003. During this time, he played an important role in international negotiations over the Kyoto Treaty and helped pass the Countryside and Rights of Way Act 2000, which secured greater protection for Britain’s wildlife areas.
Sir Crispin Tickell, Director of the Policy Foresight Programme at the James Martin 21st Century School at Oxford University, was Chef de Cabinet to the President of the European Commission, Ambassador to Mexico, Permanent Secretary of the Overseas Development Administration (now DFID), and British Permanent Representative to the United Nations. He has been Warden of Green College, Oxford, and Chancellor of the University of Kent, and has since had other public and academic appointments. He has advised successive British Prime Ministers on environmental issues, and is the author of Climate Change and World Affairs (1977 and 1986).
Chair
Ehsan Masood, Acting Chief Commissioning Editor, Nature. Ehsan was UK news and developing-world correspondent at Nature in the 1990s. He then became Opinion Editor at New Scientist and subsequently Director of Communications for the environmental leadership training organization Lead International. He has also worked as a consultant to the British Council, the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. He teaches international science policy at Imperial College London and his book, Science and Islam: a history, is published by Icon books this year.

Nature also continues its Darwin bicentenary celebrations with a dedicated online Web Focus celebrating the 150th anniversary of the publication of the Origin of Species. Included in the Focus is the Nature Insight on Evolution, an interview with Sir David Attenborough, 15 Evolutionary Gems, and a Nature Podcast extra. Read all this and more in the Nature Web Focus.

Further details and booking information for the Nature Darwin debate at Kings Place.

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Cromer is SO bracing unconference report

I would like to share an email I received today from my colleague Henry Gee:

This weekend I hosted a Nature Network 'unconference' in Cromer called 'Cromer Is SO Bracing'. The meeting featured a geological field trip, a workshop on crocheting toy marine invertebrates, and the scripting and shooting of a short film called 'Cromer: Darwin's Lost Weekend' (coming to a YouTube page near you soon).
The meeting was blogged, twittered, webcast and friendfeeded as much as possible, so on the off-chance that all this is new to you, you can find out what we got up to through a series of five linked posts on my blog, starting with this one

And progressing in order: Friday lunchtime; pier review; Saturday afternoon; and Sunday.
Delegate Erika Cule has blogged about it here (day one) and here (day two).
The meeting was trailed by the most famous science blogger on the net.
And, believe it or not, you can even buy souvenir T-shirts!

Other, related posts:
Cromer: Darwin's Lost Weekend.
Nature Network CISB09 conference forum.
CISB09 Friend Feed room.

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Poster on T-cell diversity from Nature Reviews Immunology

A free poster in Nature Reviews Immunology provides an overview of the various cytokines, transcription factors and signalling pathways that are associated with the differentiation, survival, function and plasticity of CD4+ effector T cells of the immune system. The poster is part of a Nature Reviews Immunology web focus on CD4+ T-cell diversity. As well as a collection of articles including Progress, Reviews and Research Highlights, the focus has a library of related articles previously published in Nature Publishing Group journals.

Download the poster as a high-resolution PDF.

Nature Reviews Immunology journal home page.

A guide to Nature Reviews Immunology.

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Nature Neuroscience on "getting the word out"

Scientists should have a more active role in encouraging meaningful reporting of science in the popular media. This is all the more crucial given that there are now fewer experienced science reporters and a greater demand for transparency, according to the March Editorial of Nature Neuroscience (12, 235; 2009)
Job losses at CNN (which is cutting its entire science, technology and environmental news staff) The New York Times, Boston Globe, Los Angeles Times and Wall Street Journal are clearly detrimental for the kind of in-depth research required for high-quality science reporting. What can scientists do to engage the public in their work in this shrinking media envirinment, asks the Editorial? Suggestions include writing complementary press releases to those that journals put out when new papers are published (a link to the archive of Nature Neuroscience press releases is provided at the end of this post), and being available to talk to reporters. The Editorial concludes:
"As fewer journalists struggle to cover the ever-increasing body of scientific advances, individual scientists can be more involved in encouraging this publicity. We can actively promote the coverage of science news, encourage realistic stories about the experience of bench scientists, or explain clearly and convincingly how basic science advances ultimately lay the groundwork for applications that benefit all of society. Neuroscience is particularly ripe for this kind of exchange because of the public's inherent interest in the way the brain works. We need to give clear explanations of the work that we do, think about what might make it interesting to the public and make an effort to increase communication with journalists and the general public. It's an opportunity that we can't afford to miss."

Nature Neuroscience

Nature Neuroscience press releases

Nature Neuroscience guide to authors

Contact Nature Neuroscience.