Course correction
The following editorial appears in the November issue of Nature Medicine. Read more
The following editorial appears in the November issue of Nature Medicine. Read more
The following editorial appears in the September issue of Nature Medicine. Read more
Since its appearance in Saudi Arabia in 2012, Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) has spread to fifteen countries, including the US, where two cases were confirmed in the past month. Worryingly, about 30% of confirmed cases have been fatal, and the lack specific antiviral drugs for the MERS-coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which causes the illness, poses a threat to public health. Read more
Earlier this year, the Ebola virus popped up for the first time ever in West Africa. How it got there, some 2,000 miles from previous Ebola hotspots in remote parts of Central Africa, remains a mystery. Experts are particularly concerned about the current outbreak, which has sickened more than 250 and killed at least 140, because the pathogen has made its way into Conakry, the densely populated capital city of Guinea. Read more
Cytomegalovirus is sometimes called ‘the stealth virus’ because many people, including more than 50% of adults in the US, harbor the infection. But few individuals ever feel the effects of CMV unless something else squelches their immune system first—such as the immunosuppressing drugs given before a bone marrow transplant. Wherever the virus gains a foothold, it can create serious problems such as pneumonia, unrelenting diarrhea or inflammation in the eye. It’s also the most common viral infection in newborns and 1 out of every 750 infants born with CMV in the US will suffer permanent harm—hearing loss, brain damage, or even death—from this virus. Read more
Most of the 12 million people currently infected with leishmaniasis worldwide are also afflicted with poverty. The ‘black fever’ is caused by a single-cell parasite that gets passed from one person to another by the bite of a tiny sand fly and produces disfiguring skin lesions, severe mouth and throat ulcers, or swollen internal organs. In 2005, the ministers of India, Bangladesh, and Nepal committed to a ten-year plan to eliminate infections of Leishmania in their region. Two years later, the World Health Organization (WHO) adopted a resolution to take control of the disease. Read more
Imagine if pandemics could be forecast by infectious disease scientists the way that bad weather can be tracked by meteorologists. New viruses would still infect people, but the cost of monitoring the emergence of those novel pathogens would be far less than the expense of dealing with a worldwide outbreak. At least that’s the reasoning behind a new study, published today in mBio, in which researchers propose launching a billion-dollar-plus global surveillance plan to find all the viruses lurking in mammalian wildlife before those same viruses find us. Read more
For the immune system to do its job in fighting off disease, it first has to be able to detect foreign intruders. Scientists have known for some time that when bacteria, viruses and other pathogens set off alarms in the immune system, this leads to the production of molecules such as interferon that rev up the body’s defenses. But until now, researchers lacked evidence from animal experiments to back up the theory of how the DNA from these pathogens first triggers this immune-activating cascade in the immediate, ‘innate’ immune response. Read more
Almost half the world’s population lives in areas where malaria infection is a risk, yet no licensed vaccines exist to prevent this red blood cell parasite from causing almost half a million deaths each year. However, in a study published online today in Science, researchers report on a new vaccine that provided remarkable protection against Plasmodium falciparum, considered the deadliest of the four malaria strains. Read more
Tuberculosis is an old disease that demands new drugs. More than one million people die each year from Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections and a growing percentage of new infections—at least 9%—are caused by strains of the bacterium that can’t be killed with many of the drugs now available. Read more
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