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How computing will change science

This week's Nature, which has just landed on my desk (yup, I still like to see the dead-tree version ;), is a special issue on scientific computing. It's well worth a read, and all the relevant articles are freely available.

Declan Butler, one of the journalists involved in putting it together, has the lowdown on this blog:

Barely a month after Google Earth made the front cover of Nature, computing is back on the cover again. Tomorrow’s issue contains a big special on the future of scientific computing. All the articles are free, thanks to sponsorship from Microsoft; the special was produced in conjunction with the 2020 report published today by an international group of experts convened by Microsoft. The special is, however, of course completely editorially-independent of Microsoft

The special, by journalists and top computing experts, looks at some of the key emerging technologies and concepts that look set to have a major impact on scientific computing by 2020. I’ve a three pager on “sensor webs” – “2020 computing: Everything, everywhere” — in it; there is also a short pop-up box — “Batteries not included” — on the problems of powering these small remote devices.

The full list of article is here. There's also an editorial, but it doesn't seem to be online as I write. (I'll post a link in the comments as soon as I see it appear.)

Disclosure: I contributed a bit to the 2020 Science report that Declan mentions above. Whether or not people agree with its conclusions, I think I speak for all the authors when I say that we hope this Nature special issue proves to be just the first of many analyses and activities inspired by it. Microsoft Research, particularly Stephen Emmott, deserve credit for the huge effort they put into this initiative.

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» P2P in science from Nascent
In response to the 'computing in science' post a couple of weeks ago, Anna Winterbottom asked about distributed computing and peer-to-peer networks, and whether we'd be covering them in this blog. I must admit to being pretty ignorant of these... [Read More]

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The editorial I mentioned in this post is here. It's subscriber-only, but here is a snippet:

When looking at the future of scientific computing... it is easy to focus on the vast data architectures necessary for projects such as the LSST or the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, the European particle-physics laboratory near Geneva. The truly amazing story, though, is of the distributed power that ends up not in exceptional places such as the focal plane of a giant telescope, but spread out across the world; the power that allows data to be acquired from microfluidic chemistry sets and genome sequencers in labs around the world at astonishing rates... The fact that everyday computing is getting exponentially cheaper promises to vastly increase data flows of all sorts and to revolutionize the practice of science...

As computing gets ever cheaper, quicker and more powerful, scientists would do well to remember that, by being a demanding and stimulating 'user community' that engages the interest of companies such as Microsoft, Google and Intel, they can influence the development of the field, to everybody's benefit.

A very interesting Nature issue on computing in science. However, it would been great to see your analysis of distributed computing/ peer-to-peer networks. There are some interesting new projects such as Lionshare exploring the potential uses of peer-to-peer networks for scientific collaboration, as well as bioinformatics P2P projects like Chinook. I have collected some related bookmarks in Connotea. Would you consider covering this in Nascent in the future?

I enjoyed the issue, but was disappointed that there was almost no discussion of the fact that most scientists have no idea how trustworthy their programs are. If experimentalists don't calibrate their equipment and check the purity of their samples, their work is rejected out of hand. In contrast, only a handful of computational scientists test their programs thoroughly, and never (in my experience) describe what tests they've done, or why those tests lead them to believe that the output from those programs is anything other than plausible noise. If journals and funding agencies don't start insisting that computational work meet the same quality standards as benchwork, a "computational thalidomide" seems inevitable.

In addition to high performance computing, the ability of powerful computers that can sit underneath your desk and do computations that require clusters today will also make a significant impact.

It is critical that computational science become more ingrained in undergraduate and graduate (perhaps even high school) for some of the advances that nature talks about. There is still resistance to computational science and the belief that it is the realm of theorists.

Thanks, Anna.

I didn't know about these P2P projects, but I'd be interested to learn more, and maybe other Nascent readers would too. If you (or someone) is interested in writing a short guest item on this, please send it to me (t DOT hannay AT nature DOT com) and I'll consider posting it. Thanks.

Hi Greg,

Thanks for your interesting comments. With Stephen Emmott's permission, and for the benefit of other readers, I'm copying here his response when you raised a similar question to us via email.

Thanks for this feedback

Software QA is clearly a significant challenge in science, as we point
out in terms of software engineering in our report. And indeed, this is
indeed a challenge in general for highly complex software systems such
as those any successful software company produces.

There are several points in the report where we refer to the need for
reliable, 'trustworthy' software systems which encompasses and underpins
software "QA", including mention of the need for better software design
and analysis tools, the challenges and benefits of 'managed platforms'
and in particular the sub-section you refer to on 'Correctness' which as
you will undoubtedly know summarises the need for and benefits of proofs
and verification of complex software systems - the foundations for
software QA.

Furthermore, you might recall that we make clear our report is a summary
and an opener to generate discussion such as that you have initiated, so
thanks a lot for getting the discussion on this particular issue going
-- really very much appreciated. It was never our intention to
comprehensively cover in detail every aspect of every technological and
scientific issue.

If you'd be interested in offering any suggestions for how to improve in
this area, I'd be delighted.

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