Visual experiments straddling art and science

Filmmaker Markos Kay.

Filmmaker Markos Kay.{credit}courtesy of Eliza McNitt{/credit}

Digital artist and director Markos Kay pioneers at visualising the unvisualisable.

“Art and science are drivers of cultures,” says Kay, who visited the Middle East for the first time last month to exhibit a new film called ‘Quantum Fluctuations: Experiments in Flux’ at the Imagine Science Film Festival in Abu Dhabi. “I want to challenge our ideas of how our knowledge of reality is formed.”

He is perhaps best known for a generative short called The Flow (2011), which was featured in an episode of the TV hit series Breaking Bad.

The Flow takes its audience inside a proton, with the aid of simulation software and algorithms, to see a dramatically-visualised interplay of quarks and electrons, resulting in nuclei and atoms. “I was really frustrated that nobody is trying to visualise all this in a more accurate way, so I tried to make my own film. I wanted to show people how complex this stuff is,” he says.

Kay’s work explores and abstracts the complex worlds of molecular biology and particle physics, be it through presenting a different way of observing cells or using the visual language of a microscope to give life to an organic process. “The desire of an artist to find ways to interpret and observe the world is similar to a scientist’s,” he says of his own experiments.

A still from Quantum Fluctuations.

A still from Quantum Fluctuations.{credit}Markos Kay{/credit}

His films are usually filled with detail and movement, and often feature scores of orchestral sounds or a generative, organic soundscape created by algorithm-based software.

His new film, ‘Quantum Fluctuations’, for instance, meditates on the transient nature of the quantum world which, he says, is impossible to observe directly. The film re-imagines the complex interactions of elementary particles as they collide inside the Large Hadron Collider at CERN –– and it’s all presented against a musical backdrop that is designed by Kay himself. Through striking computer-generated imagery, we can see interactions that occur in the background of a collision; for example, particle showers that erupt from proton beams colliding, giving birth to composite particles that eventually decay.

“Since the time of Heisenberg, it’s been almost impossible to visualise these events and simulations. It felt like a challenge,” Kay says. The film was produced by experimental design studio Epoche.io and will be part of an art and science documentary called “Sense of beauty” that focuses on CERN’s particle physics and that will be released later this year.

His latest project Humans After all, in collaboration with photographer Jan Kriwol depicts people in the context of everyday life through their circulatory systems. The project that showcases its subjects – humans stripped down to blood vessels and neural circuits – in an urban setting is meant to highlight the fragility and vitality of the human body.

“Through my work, I try to create immersive environments so that people can feel they’re entering a distant world.”

Humans Afterall.

Humans Afterall.{credit}Markos Kay / Jan Kriwol{/credit}

Biosensor zeroes in on dangerous bacteria

Staphylococcus or Staph aureus is a type of infectious bacteria that commonly causes skin and respiratory infections in addition to food poisoning. In some cases, it can lead to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia, and brain, bone or heart infections. As well, it’s a common hospital acquired infection.

Now, a team of scientists from Saudi Arabia and Jordan have developed a point-of-care diagnostic test as effective in food samples as it is in clinical samples to detect the bacteria. It’s cheap, instrument-free, and takes less than a minute, according to lead researcher Mohammed Zourob, professor of chemistry at Alfaisal University in Saudi Arabia.

The researcher and his colleagues tested the biosensor in food and clinical isolates from a hospital but instead of targeting bacterial cells, as traditional sensors would, they targeted poteases enzymes released by the cells or expressed on the cells’ surface. The former’s sensitivity is too poor to detect infectious dozes of most bacteria, according to Zourob, unlike the latter method, invented by Zourob et al.

The probe itself is made up of a specific peptide sequence, cleaved by Staph aureus proteases, and sandwiched between magnetic nanobeads and gold surface on top of a paper support.

Another perk to the test, according to its developer, is that it does not require special training to use, so it can be easily administered by food inspectors and hospital nurses.

Zourob and his colleagues say they are now establishing a spin off in order to commercialize this new technology.

Highlights from the Comm4Science science communication conference

You need to prepare to get your science in the news. And when it comes to interacting with journalists, loosen up and let your emotion come through.

Guest contributor Virginia Schutte

The international conference Comm4Science: communicating science beyond the lab took place in Heidelberg in early May. Around 100 participants attended, where they met a great roster of speakers, took part in a communication workshop, and asked questions of a panel of experts.

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Virginia Schutte

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Nature Biotechnology podcast: First Rounders with Julian Davies

Julian Davies

{credit}Image courtesy of Julian Davies{/credit}

Contributor Brady Huggett

Julian Davies has a long history in biotechnology research, particularly in antibiotics and resistance, and he also served as head of research at Biogen’s European division in the 1980s. But for more than 20 years now, he’s been at the University of British Columbia (UBC), where he’s the principal investigator at the Davies Lab. I spoke to Julian for the Nature Biotechnology First Rounders podcast, which was recorded in his office on the UBC campus, with the door closed to help with audio quality, and the overhead lights off. A light rain fell against his office window.

We talked at length about his early family life during World War II, his education in chemistry and biology, and his research across countries. A Nature Biotechnology profile in 2008 had covered TerraGen, Davies’ spinout from UBC, and it’s a topic in the podcast, too. But the element that perhaps stands out most is his eagerness to move around: he’s lived in New York, Manchester, Boston, Paris, Geneva, and beyond – partly to follow research he found interesting, and partly, it seems, because he was perpetually invited to work alongside others. This willingness to relocate helped facilitate his career, as well as allowed him to see the world.

Hear more about Julian’s life on the Nature Biotechnology First Rounders podcast.

Brady Huggett is the Business Editor for Nature Biotechnology

Spotlight on Women in Science with Una Ryan

Una Ryan

Una Ryan

Naturejobs is celebrating Women in Science. Every day this week we’re interviewing an inspirational female scientist. Yesterday, we spoke to Roma Agrawal, structural engineer at WSP.

Today we’re in conversation with Una Ryan, the Chair of the Bay Area Bioeconomy Initiative and an angel investor in the San Francisco Bay Area. I met Una at a SynBioBeta event at Imperial College London in April this year, where she chaired an all-male panel on the venture capital climate in the Bay Area, and how it differs to that in the UK. Una was disappointed that the panel was comprised entirely of men, but noted that unfortunately there aren’t many female biotech venture capital investors to choose from.

This is something that Una is hoping to change. She invests a huge amount of time in young scientists—both male and female—to support them through their careers. I spoke to Una after her panel event to find out about how she became interested in science, and how she is hoping to inspire others.

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Obama administration issues ‘Bioeconomy Blueprint’

The White House today released a National Bioeconomy Blueprint, which it calls “a comprehensive approach to harnessing innovations in biological research to address national challenges in health, food, energy, and the environment”. The blueprint identifies five “strategic imperatives” including investing in research and development, transitioning discoveries to industry, reforming regulations, boosting training, and supporting public–private partnerships.

The blueprint includes a number of initiatives, many of which already exist. A handful of new initiatives announced today, according to GenomeWeb, emphasize translating technologies to industries in areas such as using genomics to catalog biosecurity threats, buying bio-based products at the Department of Agriculture, and making information technology improvements and bolstering staff training at the Food and Drug Administration. The report also says that the new National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences and drug maker Eli Lilly will, in May, make a document available that instructs scientists on how to translate their findings into products.

Because most of the blueprint documents programmes that are already happening, The New York Times notes, “it is not clear what concrete changes, if any, will result”. However, it reports, the blueprint could be seen as an encouraging step by the biotechnology industry, which has received relatively little attention from President Barack Obama’s administration compared with other innovation-based industries such as electronics, social media and solar energy.