Visual experiments straddling art and science

Filmmaker Markos Kay.

Filmmaker Markos Kay.{credit}courtesy of Eliza McNitt{/credit}

Digital artist and director Markos Kay pioneers at visualising the unvisualisable.

“Art and science are drivers of cultures,” says Kay, who visited the Middle East for the first time last month to exhibit a new film called ‘Quantum Fluctuations: Experiments in Flux’ at the Imagine Science Film Festival in Abu Dhabi. “I want to challenge our ideas of how our knowledge of reality is formed.”

He is perhaps best known for a generative short called The Flow (2011), which was featured in an episode of the TV hit series Breaking Bad.

The Flow takes its audience inside a proton, with the aid of simulation software and algorithms, to see a dramatically-visualised interplay of quarks and electrons, resulting in nuclei and atoms. “I was really frustrated that nobody is trying to visualise all this in a more accurate way, so I tried to make my own film. I wanted to show people how complex this stuff is,” he says.

Kay’s work explores and abstracts the complex worlds of molecular biology and particle physics, be it through presenting a different way of observing cells or using the visual language of a microscope to give life to an organic process. “The desire of an artist to find ways to interpret and observe the world is similar to a scientist’s,” he says of his own experiments.

A still from Quantum Fluctuations.

A still from Quantum Fluctuations.{credit}Markos Kay{/credit}

His films are usually filled with detail and movement, and often feature scores of orchestral sounds or a generative, organic soundscape created by algorithm-based software.

His new film, ‘Quantum Fluctuations’, for instance, meditates on the transient nature of the quantum world which, he says, is impossible to observe directly. The film re-imagines the complex interactions of elementary particles as they collide inside the Large Hadron Collider at CERN –– and it’s all presented against a musical backdrop that is designed by Kay himself. Through striking computer-generated imagery, we can see interactions that occur in the background of a collision; for example, particle showers that erupt from proton beams colliding, giving birth to composite particles that eventually decay.

“Since the time of Heisenberg, it’s been almost impossible to visualise these events and simulations. It felt like a challenge,” Kay says. The film was produced by experimental design studio Epoche.io and will be part of an art and science documentary called “Sense of beauty” that focuses on CERN’s particle physics and that will be released later this year.

His latest project Humans After all, in collaboration with photographer Jan Kriwol depicts people in the context of everyday life through their circulatory systems. The project that showcases its subjects – humans stripped down to blood vessels and neural circuits – in an urban setting is meant to highlight the fragility and vitality of the human body.

“Through my work, I try to create immersive environments so that people can feel they’re entering a distant world.”

Humans Afterall.

Humans Afterall.{credit}Markos Kay / Jan Kriwol{/credit}

Return to Nerd Heaven: Lindau

Alaina G. Levine is live from the Lindau conference

In 2012, I flew across the pond from the deserts of Arizona to the shores of Lake Constance on the German/Austrian/Swiss border. I wasn’t on holiday per se, but I might as well have been. When I arrived in the tiny hamlet of Lindau, Germany, I was met with two very sweet offerings: spaghetti ice cream and hundreds of nerds swarming the island town. I couldn’t have been happier.IMG_4306

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Taking control of your career as a female physicist

The Institute of Physics recently held an event on ‘Taking control of your career as a female physicist’. Naturejobs sent Jack Leeming to find out more.

Late, I sneak into the back of a room on the 4th floor of a conference centre in central London, where 70 young female physicists are listening to Professor Dame Athene Donald speak. I try not129692-compressor (2) to break their concentration as I find a chair. Professor Donald is relaxed and passionate, and manages to condense her advice – put into context through deeply personal, humorous anecdotes – into ten simple points to live by. Donald has had a hugely successful career (though, she admits, she is still embarrassed when people say it), making her way through the physics of metals and polymers, then the physics of food, then colloids, then starch, then proteins and
cellular biophysics, and finally ending up in her current area of the physics of biological and soft systems. She’s now the Master of Churchill College at Cambridge. It’s a quite the CV, and made all the more impressive by her achievements outside the world of academia.

Donald casually weaves her personal life into her career as she speaks. She has to leave early – her husband has been to the hospital recently for a bad leg, and still needs looking after. Her daughter did a placement when she was 17 and learnt a lot about office politics; apparently it was useful. Her message is one of pro-activity, self-confidence and overcoming failure. She’s been the gender equality champion for Cambridge University, has written for The Guardian, The Observer and The Conversation, and her blog ­– started in 2010 – has become enormously popular online. Somebody asks her what’s next. She says retirement. I don’t think anyone quite believes her. Continue reading

Why is the Higgs Boson Called the ‘God Particle’?

Jim Baggott is author of Higgs: The Invention and Discovery of the ‘God Particle’ and a freelance science writer. He was a lecturer in chemistry at the University of Reading but left to pursue a business career, where he first worked with Shell International Petroleum Company and then as an independent business consultant and trainer. His many books include Atomic: The First War of Physics (Icon, 2009), Beyond Measure: Modern Physics, Philosophy and the Meaning of Quantum Theory (OUP, 2003), A Beginner’s Guide to Reality (Penguin, 2005), and A Quantum Story: A History in 40 Moments (OUP, 2010).

Read his collection of blog posts, celebrating the launch of his new book, over at the OUPblog. 

On 4th July 2012, scientists at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) facility in Geneva announced the discovery of a new elementary particle they believe is consistent with the long-sought Higgs boson, also known as the ‘God Particle’. Our understanding of the fundamental nature of matter – everything in our visible universe and everything we are – is about to take a giant leap forward.

So, what is the Higgs boson and why is it called the ‘God Particle’? Science writer Jim Baggott, whose book Higgs: the Invention and Discovery of the ‘God Particle’, provides some of these answers. Continue reading

Boson debate

Rolf-Dieter Heuer{credit}Subhra Priyadarshini{/credit}

Why’s the ‘boson’ of Higg’s boson written in lower case? Why hasn’t the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose, after whom the celebrated particle is half named, not been awarded the Nobel Prize yet [12, 34]? Why isn’t India, despite her traditional strength in particle physics, not an associate member of the mother of all particle physics labs CERN?

The boson debate, which reached its crescendo after the discovery of the Higgs boson (or something consistent with it) in CERN this July, has not died down in the land of Bose, whose Bose-Einstein statistics has become the basis of most quantum mechanics as we know it today.

This weekend (September 2-3, 2012) CERN Director general Rolf-Dieter Heuer was in Kolkata, where Bose spent most of his working life. He confronted the seething rage among Bengali scientists for having forgotten the contribution of one of India’s foremost physicists to the now famous particle. And obviously, he was bombarded by these uncomfortable questions.

The level-headed, media savvy CERN chief, however, fielded these queries with characteristic guile, dousing the curiosity of India’s scientific community once and for all.

“India is like the “historic father” of the Higgs boson project.”

“It’s a pity Bose did not get the Nobel. His contribution to science is immense and not getting a Nobel doesn’t in any way undermine his genius.”

“The new particle is a member of the boson family. The name Higgs signifies it as a definitive particle and boson signifies that it belongs to the boson family.”

Great sound bytes which will take the debate nowhere but, coming from Heuer, might certainly help pacify those who revere Bose.

The CERN membership question has also been bugging India for a long time now. Heuer, who had earlier said it’s a matter of money — a commitment of 10 miliion Swiss francs annually — clarified that he hasn’t yet got any written communication to support India’s claim that the country is interested in joining the league of CERN nations.

The boson debate and the associate membership discussions have gone nowhere but, as of now, Heuer and the Indian government would like us to believe otherwise. There are indications that by the year-end India might take a step ahead in this regard but going by the trend of all things official, it still looks like the elusive Higgs boson — is it or is it not?

High on Higgs

Watching the live webcast from CERN and the press conference thereafter, I could only sigh: Wish I were there today to witness history being made in particle physics. The rest of the day went in reading my colleague Geoff Brumfiel’s live blog from CERN and his witty analysis of the discovery of Higgs boson and, of course, the umpteen serious and funny takes on Twitter.

A little later I heard from Archana Sharma, the Indian staff physicist at CERN, who shared her excitement and the star-struck disbelief of a bunch of interns from India presently on a summer programme at CERN. The anticipation surrounding CERN’s scientific seminar on the “Latest update in the search for the Higgs boson” was so palpable at the Route de Meyrin that you could cut it with a kitchen knife, she said, prompting this beautiful piece for Nature India. Archana’s earlier pieces in the run up to today’s announcement have always made for wonderful reading and  have celebrated the Indian presence at CERN.

In India, there also has been much speculation[1, 2, 3, 4] on why Satyendra Nath Bose, the Indian physicist who lends his name to Higgs boson following his celebrated work with Albert Einstein, has gone unsung through the ages. In fact, there is much criticism of the fact that only the ‘H’ in Higgs boson is written in capital letter. This debate is not going to die soon, at least in the land of Bose, whose Bose-Einstein statistics has become the basis of most quantum mechanics as we know it today.

Having been to the dream tunnel, I fondly remember the time when LHC, ATLAS, ALICE, CMS and Higgs were explained in great detail to a group of visiting international journalists. This was in late 2009 when the ‘God Particle’ had already been made famous by the Hollywood production ‘Angels and Demons’ and all of us took turns to wink at the retina recognition machine. The search for the elusive Higgs boson was at a fever pitch and we were told they were expecting a breakthrough in 2011. All of it sounded as exciting then as it did today. In December 2011, the internet went viral again with a couched announcement that the Higgs boson might have been found.

As all speculation was finally put to rest today, I went back to the ‘CERN’ picture folder on my computer to run a slideshow of my time there — celebrating Higgs boson at my workstation! Here’s a picture taken at CERN that amused me no end then and perfectly fits the spirit of the party-goers tonight. Enjoy!

{credit}Subhra Priyadarshini{/credit}