Planet show

Word from the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA) in Pune has just arrived regarding a spectacular show about to begin in the dawn sky this month-end. The show, to last ten days beginning Arpil 30, will feature four planets — Mercury, Venus, Mars and Jupiter — along with a special appearance by the moon on the first two days. Show timings: about half an hour before sunrise.

IUCAA’s Arvind Paranjpye sent us this digitally-created image series to depict the changing position of the planets during this rare phenomenon. The planets are drawn together at dawn. So that’s the time to set your alarm clock and catch a glimpse of the quartet.

Happy skywatching!

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© Arvind Paranjpye, IUCAA, Pune

Write science

The news of Siddhartha Mukherjee’s winning the Pulitzer for general non-fiction was recieved with as much aplomb as the Nobel for chemistry to Venki Ramakrishnan in 2009 — both non-resident Indians doing the country proud with science as their tool.

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Mukherjee’s book The Emperor of Maladies chronicles the history of cancer. Using his skills as a cell biologist and his passion for writing, the physician-author draws from his experiences as a keen researcher of the science and history of cancer. Nature Medicine carried a review of the book last month and Nature featured it last year. The cancer physician and researcher from Columbia University has co-authored a number of papers in Nature and The New England Journal of Medicine.

The fact that Mukherjee has spun a book around something as conventionally non-appealing as cancer (and won a Pulitzer for it) is terribly encouraging for science writers.

This brings us to the question of the quality of science and medicine books written in India. Which is the last science/medicine/technology book by an Indian author that you enjoyed reading?

The bug returns

The superbug controversy sprung back this week with the publication of a fresh report on the NDM-1 bacteria in The Lancet Infectious Diseases. India’s health ministry was quick to negate the report calling it “unsupported by any clinical or epidemiological evidence”.

The story began in August 2010, when British scientist Timothy Walsh and colleagues reported finding the antibiotic-resistant superbug NDM-1 in India, Pakistan and the UK. The Indian government went on a denial mode, displeased with the naming of the microbe (New Delhi metalloßlactamase 1) and contending that it could ruin the country’s medical tourism prospects.

On April 7, 2011, Walsh and colleagues claimed in another report that “not all patients infected with NDM-1-positive bacteria have a history of hospital admission in India, and extended-spectrum β-lactamases are known to be circulating in the Indian community.” They measured the prevalence of the NDM-1 gene in drinking water and seepage samples in New Delhi to find bacteria in environmental samples. This, they say, has important implications for people living in the city reliant on public water and sanitation facilities. The Indian health ministry maintains that its water supplies are fine and people need not panic over the report.

As of now then, the issue seems like it needs some intensive follow-up. The Indian government may choose to ignore it at its own peril.

Collaboration tips

What are the most common challenges that collaborators doing science in two different countries face? And what are the best practices to overcome such challenges? A joint study by the UK Science and Innovation Network, India’s department of science and technology and Research Councils UK identifies these challenges and offers some solutions in the context of such collaborations between India and the UK.

It is suprising to note that lack of awareness about the right partners and poor access to them still happen to be important reasons why people working on similar research projects fail to find each other. One would have thought that in the age of internet, social media and various other helpful web tools, tracking research or people would not be such an issue. Other issues such as visa problems, funding constraints, cultural, contextual and policy-related barriers are discussed at length in the report.

Academics feel there’s a lack of incentives in international collaborations, especially for early career researchers. Also, how does one measure the impact of such research beyond economic assessment?

The good thing about the report is that it does not stop at the questions. Some of the recommendations it makes to make life simple for collaborating scientists are worth a look. Considering that the report was compiled from experiences of collaborators and a lot of case studies, it may be recommended to all aspiring collaborators as a preliminary handbook.

A similar report on innovation projects can be found here.

Cricket science

Most of urban India will be curled up on their couches this weekend to catch the cricket World Cup. Cricket overshadowed everything else this week as India pipped arch rivals Pakistan to enter the World Cup finals. It wasn’t surprising, therefore, to see our scientists also merrily contracting the fever. A unique exhibition in Chennai next week will discuss the science of cricket — the physics, biomechanics and aerodynamics of cricketing moves!

Science dissemination body Indian Science Monitor (ISM) is putting up the show in Chennai to encourage Indian research in the field of cricket. Visitors can expect to come back enlightened on the science of batting and learn interesting nuggets about spinning the ball, pitch conditions, the effect of tampering and sweat on the ball.

Mastering the art of pitch preparation involves an understanding of the science of surfaces. Bodyline bowling, where the ball is pitched short and rises up the body of the batsman, gives a peek into the science of deliveries. The exhibition will explain all such important cricketing fundamentals. And also take a scientific look at controversies such as rubbing vaseline on the ball to make it swing better or picking on the seam of the ball.

An interesting event. And what better time than this! Wonder if the Indian players or cricket administrators will drop by for a tip or two.